Analisis Kegagalan Struktur Velg Mobil Berbasis Aluminium Alloy

Abstract

Aluminum wheels has one of the so-called critical area is located in the hub, spoke, and flange. Failure in the flange area, spokes, and hub may result in more harm, both in terms of loss of material and non- material terms. The purpose of this research was conducted to determine the cause of failure in aluminum alloy wheels with experimental testing and using numerical simulations. Object of research is aluminum alloy car wheels Toyota Corolla Altis with a diameter of 17,5 inches (444.5 mm) and a width of 7 inches (177.8 mm). Testing is conducted chemical composition test, hardness test, tensile test, and metallographic test. Of testing found that the composition of the material is aluminum alloy wheels with type A413.0. Hardness on the material in the rim flange area that normally is 80.9 BHN scale. Hardness in plastically deformed flange area is 74.7 BHN scale . The maximum tensile stress is 232.990 MPa, elongation 5.48 %, yield stress is 190.334 MPa, Young's Modulus 72.199 GPa. Micro Photo with 100 x and 200 x magnification obtain porosity occurs in the area of plastic deformation. The results of numerical simulations using the standard wheels Ansys Workbench 14.0 Total Deformation maximum gain rate was 0.64872 mm from its original form. Simulation Equivalent Stress produces a maximum stress of 71.023 MPa , and the minimum stress occurs at 0.039784 MPa. It can be concluded that the cause of failure in aluminum alloy wheels is the occurrence of porosity in many areas, causing plastically deformed material hardness decreases.