Aktivitas Antibakteri Losion Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Terhadap Propionibacterium acne dan Staphylococcus epidermidis Sebagai Anti Jerawat

Abstract

Background: Oil palm leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids, which are currently widely used as antibacterials. Acne curing cosmetics can be in the form of lotions with the advantages of being easily applied and having high spreading and penetration power. Purpose: This study aimed to formulate and test the antibacterial activity of lotion preparations of ethanol extract of palm leaves as an anti-acne. Methods: This research was carried out experimentally with the following stages: collecting and processing samples, preparing extracts by maceration method, phytochemical screening and characterization of simplicia and extracts, preparation of test bacteria, testing of antibacterial activity of extracts, preparation of lotion preparations of ethanol extract of palm oil leaves with concentrations 1%, 3% and 5%, antibacterial testing of lotion preparations and evaluation of the physical quality of the ethanol extract lotion preparations of palm oil leaves. Results: The evaluation showed that all lotion preparations were homogeneous with an oil-in-water emulsion type (o/w), pH 6.5-7.0, viscosity ranged from 3201- 6371 mPas, spreadability 4.7-6.9 cm, stable for 12 weeks of storage at room temperature (25℃) and cycling test. Irritation test showed negative results for the irritation reaction parameter. The results of the antibacterial activity test for lotion preparations with a diameter of inhibition against Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis, FI (blank) did not produce a diameter of inhibition bacteria, FII (1%) 10.90 mm and 10.70 mm, FIII (3 %) 11.60 mm and 11.20 mm, and FIV (5%) 12.60 mm and 12.50 mm. Conclusion: Lotion preparations of ethanol extract from palm leaves with concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% can be formulated and have an inhibitory effect on bacteria