Sintesis Kardanil Metil Eter Melalui Reaksi Eterifikasi Kardanol Hasil Isolasi Kulit Biji Jambu Mete (Anacardium Occidentale L.) dengan Variasi Molar Metil Iodida

Abstract

Synthesis of cardanyl methyl ether was carried out through an etherification reaction between cardanol isolated from cashew seed shell extract (CNSL) and methyl iodide. Cardanol isolation was carried out by adding acetone, Ca(OH)2 , 25% NH4OH, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (98:2), washing with 2.5% NaOH, 5% HCl, distilled water, and anhydrous Na2SO4. The yield of cardanol obtained was 74.39 g (74.39% of the initial weight of CNSL) and had the following characteristics: acid number 1.2863 mgKOH/g, iodine number 215.6535 g I2/100 g, viscosity 38.7 cP , density 0.8266 g/mL, pH = 6.14. The FT-IR spectrophotometer showed the formation of cardanyl methyl ether which was characterized by a decrease in the absorption intensity of the -OH group at wave numbers around 3000-3400 cm-1 . The FT-IR spectrum of cardanyl methyl ether shows an absorption band at 1162.9-1259.8 cm-1 indicating the C-O stretching group, at wave numbers 1043.6-1148.0 cm-1 indicating the formation of asymmetrical and symmetrical C-O-C stretching groups of the compound ether, but there was an increase in the intensity of C-O-C at various molar ratios of cardanol: methyl iodide (1:1,5), this was thought to originate from the presence of -OH groups present in other compounds that might be methylated during the synthesis process.Cardanyl methyl ether was synthesized by adding K2CO3, acetone and methyl iodide with a reflux time of 8 hours. The parameters used in this study were molar variations of cardanol: methyl iodide (1:1.5 ; 1:3 ; and 1:4.5) and yielded 3.555 g; 12.084 g; 11.472 g cardanyl methyl ether. The obtained cardanyl methyl ether was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer and GC-MS. The results of cardanol analysis with GC-MS obtained 63.28%, and the results of cardanyl methyl ether analysis with various molar ratios of cardanol: methyl iodide (1:1.5 ; 1:3 ; 1:4.5) with GC-MS obtained of 3.05%, 30.29% and 26.58%. These results indicate that the maximum percentage of cardanyl methyl ether was obtained under the reaction conditions of various molar ratios of cardanol: methyl iodide (1:3), 17.3 grams of K2CO3, 50 mL of acetone, and a reflux time of 8 hours.