Sintesis Kardanil Metil Eter melalui Reaksi Eterifikasi Kardanol Hasil Isolasi Kulit Biji Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) dengan Metil Iodida pada Variasi Waktu

Abstract

Synthesis of cardanyl methyl ether was carried out through an etherification reaction between cardanol isolated from the shell of cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and methyl iodide. Cardanol isolation was carried out by adding acetone, Ca(OH)2, 25% NH4OH, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (98:2), washing with 2.5% NaOH, 5% HCl, distilled water and then adding anhydrous Na2SO4. The yield of cardanol was 74.39 g (74.39% of the initial weight of CNSL) with a characteristic acid number of 1.2863 mgKOH/g, iodine number of 215.6535 g I2/100 g, viscosity of 38.7 Cp, density of 0.8266 g/m, pH 6.14. Cardanyl methyl ether was synthesized by adding K2CO3, acetone and methyl iodide with a reflux time of 8 hours. The parameters used in this study were reflux time variations (7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours) and yielded 7,646 g; 12,084 g; 5,276 g cardanyl methyl ether. The obtained Cardanol and Cardanyl methyl ether were analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS spectrophotometer. FT-IR analysis showed the formation of cardanol and cardanyl methyl ether which was characterized by the difference in the peaks of the stretching vibrations of the C-O group and the stretching vibrations of the C-O-C groups at wave numbers 1300-1000 cm-1 whereas in the isolated CNSL cardanol was characterized by the presence of stretching vibrations of the C-O group in wave number 1162.9 cm-1 , whereas in cardanyl methyl ether it is characterized by the presence of stretching vibrations of the C-O group at wave numbers 1162.9-1259.8 cm-1 and stretching vibrations of the C-O-C group at wave numbers 1043.6-1148.0 cm-1 . GC-MS analysis showed that the proportion of cardanol obtained was 63.28%, and the proportion of cardanyl methyl ether with variations in reflux time (7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours) was obtained at 30.18%, 30.29% and 22.09 %. The results of the analysis showed that the maximum proportion of cardanyl methyl ether was obtained under the molar reaction conditions of cardanol: methyl iodide (1:3), K2CO3 17.3 g, acetone 50 mL, with reflux time of 8 hours