Pemetaan Habitat Burung Air di Hutan Mangrove Belawan Menggunakan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Abstract

Waterfowl are birds that are ecologically dependent on the presence of wetlands. Monitoring the diversity of bird species and their habitat conditions is very important in order to protect natural resources from threats and habitat destruction. This study aims to identify the distribution of water birds and identify tree species as water bird habitats in the Belawan Bird Island area by using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. This research was conducted in June-July 2022 in the Belawan Bird Island area. The method used in observing water bird species is using the path method, field surveys for vegetation analysis using the census plot method then managing aerial photographs and managing object-based imagery (OBIA). The OBIA-based image management process goes through the stages of segmentation, classification, accuracy testing. There are 4 species of birds found on Bird Island, namely, Egretta garzetta, Egretta alba, Phalacrocorax sulcirostris and Bubulcus ibis. The results of mapping using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle found that the number of birds in the study area was 23,454 individuals with a density of 2.3m2/head and an area of mangrove habitat of 1.01 ha. The vegetation found on Bird Island is Avicenia marina, Rhizophora apiculata and Nypah fruticans. The vegetation is used by water birds for shelter, laying eggs and nesting. Water birds in the Belawan mangrove area are birds with the status of local or resident birds. The results of the accuracy test for waterbird habitat mapping using the OBIA method obtained an overall Overal Accuracy of 77% which indicates that the results of the classification are feasible to be used as the final classification result.