Pengaruh Transfusi Sel Darah Merah terhadap Kadar Kalium Darah pada Anak Talasemia Beta Mayor

Abstract

Background. Lifelong blood transfusion is indicated in most beta thalassemia major patients due to the ongoing hemolytic process. Blood products contain some elements which have some risks and potentially cause side effects. Red blood cell metabolism during storage can result in leakage of red blood cell membranes leading to increased potassium level. Objective. To analyze the effect of red blood cell transfusion on potassium changes in beta thalassemia major patients. Method. The study was conducted at the one day care service for Hematology Oncology RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan from September 2020 to January 2021. Fortyfour patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. Beta thalassemia major patients who received the last blood transfusion at the time of one day care service were examined for potassium electrolyte level before and after red blood cell transfusion. The data were processed with SPSS 17.0. The analysis to assess the correlation between the two variables used the Spearman correlation test Result. Red blood cell transfusion affected on potassium changes in beta thalassemia major patients. The mean value of potassium level before transfusion was 3.80 mEq / l (SD = 0.41 mEq / l) and the mean potassium level after transfusion was 5.6 mEq / l. There was a tendency of increased potassium levels in 32 people (72.7%) after being given a red blood cell transfusion. However, blood storage time did not have a significant correlation with changes in potassium levels (p = 0.509, r = -0.102). Conclusion. There was an effect of red blood cell transfusion on potassium change in beta thalassemia major patients (P = <0.001)