Optimalisasi dan Spesifikasi Insinerator dalam Pengolahan Sampah Rumah Tangga

Abstract

Population growth is directly proportional to the amount of domestic waste produced, while waste management, especially in Medan City, still adheres to a collect-transport-waste pattern. The waste management at TPA Terjun, Medan City also still uses an open dumping system. Therefore it is necessary to have an alternative waste treatment that can reduce landfill waste at the source so that the amount of waste in the landfill is reduced and can extend the life of the landfill. This research is a follow-up research where the previous research aimed to design an incinerator equipped with a laboratory-scale air pollution control device (APCs) as well as test the performance of the tool on several parameters to obtain maximum results. While the current research aims to optimize the incinerator and obtain optimal specifications from the incinerator tool. Based on the research results, it was found that the optimal capacity of the incinerator was 17.5 kg with ¼ blower opening (5.1 m/s) which was able to maintain burner performance. The experimental results and calculations show that the fuel consumption is 7.5 liters/hour, the actual air demand is 0.0122 kg/s, the gas residence time is 2 seconds, the electrical energy consumption is 10.731 kWh and the equivalent ratio is 0.972 which means that there is an excess of the mixture. air and its mixture or called poor fuel. In the APCs test, the efficiency of the cyclone for the NOx parameter was 37% and the CO parameter was 91% and the cyclone scrubber for the NOx parameter was 53% and the CO parameter was 96%. Meanwhile, the SO2 parameter was not identified on the tool. There was an increase in efficiency from previous studies. Then the specifications obtained from APCs are sprinkler discharge of 0.58 liters/second, inlet gas discharge of 0.220 m3/s, gas residence time of 3 seconds, L/G ratio of 2.631 l/m3, total water requirement of 1,566 liters, and Liquid waste from the absorbent scrubber is still below the quality standard. It is necessary to modify the performance of the incinerator so that the incinerator can operate optimally