Karakteristik Pola Rugae Palatal untuk Identifikasi pada Kelompok Saudara Kandung Suku Batak di Kota Medan

Abstract

The formation of rugae palatal is controlled by gene. Genetic involvement allows for similarities of palatal rugae between siblings. Purpose: to determine distribution, mean, and pattern of dominant palatal rugae, and differences in sibling groups of the Batak tribe in Medan. Method: observational analytic with cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of three groups: 10 pairs of male siblings, 10 pairs of female siblings, and 10 pairs of male and female siblings, using purposive-sampling. Impressions were made on the maxilla then the palatal rugae was observed based on the classification of Thomaz and Kotze. Results: the mean number of palatal rugae in male sibling group was 9.55 ± 1.43, in female sibling group 10.25 ± 1.58 and in male and female sibling group 9.85 ± 1.35. The most abundant palatal rugae by size are secondary, by shape is wavy, and by unification is diverging. Mann-Whitney test showed there was significant difference in the shape of rugae circular (P=0.028), but there was no significant difference in the female sibling group and there was significant difference in the size of rugae fragmentary (P=0.026) and the shape of the rugae curve (P=0.039). Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in primary rugae (P=0.005), secondary rugae (P=0.011), and straight shaped rugae (P=0.013) among three sibling groups. Conclusion: the similarity of palatal rugae patterns found in siblings may occur due to genetic role. The presence of uniqueness and variations in the pattern of palatal rugae in sibling group indicates the high value of individual variability in palatal rugae.