Pengaruh Aplikasi Gel Ekstrak Buah Semangka (Citrullus Lanatus) 50% Dan 25% Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Pemutih Gigi Terhadap Kecerahan Enamel Gigi (In Vitro)

Abstract

Tooth discoloration is a problem in the appearance of teeth that can affect one's self-confidence. Home Bleaching is a method that can be used to remove tooth discoloration using 16% carbamide peroxide. Alternative ingredients that can be used to lighten tooth color are watermelon which contains 99% malic acid and hydrogen peroxide. This study aims to determine the effect of application of watermelon extract gel on the brightness of tooth enamel and to determine differences in the effect of application of watermelon extract gel on the brightness of tooth enamel at concentrations of 50% and 25% compared to 16% carbamide peroxide. This research is a laboratory experimental research design with pre and post test group design. The samples used were 27 post-extraction mandibular incisors. The samples were divided into 3 groups, group A was applied with 50% watermelon extract gel, group B was applied with 25% watermelon extract gel, and group C was applied with 16% carbamide peroxide, duration of 3 hours per day for 14 days. Changes in color brightness were measured using the CIE L*a*b* method using a colorimeter (CS-10). The results showed that there was an increase in the brightness of tooth enamel after bleaching, in which the group that applied 16% carbamide peroxide had the highest effect on brightening the enamel, followed by 50% watermelon extract gel, then 25% watermelon extract gel. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference between before and after bleaching in each treatment group (p = 0.008). Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference between the three groups (p = ii 0.027). The Mann Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference between the application group of 25% watermelon extract gel and 16% carbamide peroxide (p = 0.003). Meanwhile, between the application group of 50% watermelon extract gel and 25% watermelon extract gel (p = 0.691), and the application group of 50% watermelon extract gel with 16% carbamide peroxide (p = 0.145) there was no significant difference. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an effect of applying watermelon fruit extract gel as an alternative home bleaching agent on changes in tooth enamel brightness.