Pengaruh Penambahan Bubuk Hidroksiapatit dari Tulang Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) Sebagai Bahan Penguat Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Polimerisasi Panas terhadap Kekuatan Impak.

Abstract

The denture base is the part of the denture that is in direct contact with the oral mucosa and to which the tooth annulus is attached. Denture bases are generally made using hot polymerized acrylic resin materials. One of the mechanical properties of hot polymerized acrylic resin materials that needs to be considered is the impact strength where stress is placed on the denture when it falls or is suddenly impacted. The impact strength of hot polymerized acrylic resin is influenced by the stirring of polymer and monomer, the heating process, and the content of residual monomer which will act as plasticizer to affect the bonding strength of the polymer. Hot polymerization acrylic resin has the disadvantage that one of them is easily broken and these deficiencies can be prevented by increasing the strength of hot polymerization acrylic resin, especially in its impact strength. One of the reinforcing materials that can be used is hydroxyapatite which is processed from cob fish bones. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bone 3%, 4% and 5% as a reinforcing material for hot polymerized acrylic resin denture bases on impact strength. This research design is a laboratory experiment with the sample used is hot polymerized acrylic resin derived from the model made of metal with a size of 80 x 10 x 4 mm. The number of samples for four groups is 48 samples. The samples will be tested using the univariate analysis test to determine the mean and standard deviation of the impact strength values of each group. As well as one-way Anova test and LSD test to determine the effect of impact strength values after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bone 3%, 4% and 5% as a reinforcing material for hot polymerization acrylic resin denture bases on impact strength with a value of p = 0,001 (P < 0,05). Based on the LSD test results, significant differences can be seen in the control group with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob fish bone 3% as a reinforcing material with a p value = 0,021 (p < 0,05), the control group with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from 4% cob fish bone as a reinforcing material with a p value = 0,001 (p < 0,05), the control group with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob fish bone 5% as a reinforcing material with a p value = 0,001 (p < 0,05). The group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bones 3% as reinforcing material with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cobe bones 4% as reinforcing material with p value = 0,015 (p<0,05) and the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bones 3% as reinforcing material with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bones 5% as reinforcing material with p value = 0,001 (p<0,05). The group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bone 4% as reinforcing material with the group after the addition of hydroxyapatite powder from cob bone 5% as reinforcing material with p value = 0,009 (p<0,05). The highest impact strength value of hot polymerized acrylic resin is found in the control group, followed by a decrease in the impact strength value in the group after adding 3%, 4% hydroxyapatite and finally the 5% group. Despite the decrease, the resulting impact strength value is still above the standard according to ISO 1567: 1999, which is 2 x 10-3 J/mm2. The addition of hydroxyapatite as a reinforcing material is expected to increase the impact strength of the denture base. However, from the results of the study, the impact strength value of the addition of hydroxyapatite from tuna bone decreased along with the increase in the concentration of hydroxyapatite added to the RAPP. Therefore, further research is needed on transverse strength, which is the most important mechanical property of denture bases.