Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) Asal Papua terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background: The use of medicinal plants as antibacterials can overcome the risks of using fixed orthodontic appliances, such as plaque buildup, caries, and periodontal disease. One of the plants that can be used is the Papua ant nest plant (Myrmecodia pendans), which is an epiphytic plant and its tubers are often used as an antibacterial because they contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. Purpose: To determine the value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) from ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Papua ant nests (Myrmecodia pendans) at concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 0.78% against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™. This research was conducted in an experimental laboratory with a post-test only group control design. Sample: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ bacteria which were divided into 18 groups treatment with three repetitions.Methods: Sample testing using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to determine MIC, and the streaking method of the inhibition zone in MIC testing to determine MBC.Conclusion: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Papua ant nests (Myrmecodia pendans) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ are concentrations of 3.25% and 0.78% with mean diameters of 7.500 ± 0.661 and 8.500 ± 1.500. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ethyl acetate extract of Papua ant nests (Myrmecodia pendans) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ is a concentration of 75% with a reduction percent of 98.10%, while the ethanol extract of Papua ant nests (Myrmecodia pendans) is not able to kill bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ due to <98% reduction percentage. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract is able to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ and the ethyl acetate extract of Papua ant nests (Myrmecodia pendans) is able to inhibit and kill Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™.