Uji Fitokimia Ekstrak dan Uji Biodegradasi Chip Propolis Geniotrigona thoracica untuk Perawatan Penyakit Periodontal

Abstract

Periodontal tissue can develop gingival inflammation due to the number of dental plaques and pathogenic microoganism. If left untreated, periodontal pockets will form as the main clinical sign of periodontitis. The prevalence of periodontitis in Indonesia is significant enough that effective periodontal disease treatment is needed. Scaling-root planing is one type of initial phase periodontal therapy. The problem that often arises is reduced accessibility and visibility at the bottom of the deeper pocket (≥ 6 mm) so that local antimicrobial support therapy is needed. Chlorhexidine periodontal chip are a local antimicrobial support therapy that is commonly found but can cause side effects. Propolis is a honey byproduct that has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerating functions due to its phenolic and flavonoid content. The purpose of this study is to conduct phytochemical tests to determine the phenolic and flavonoid levels of 100% Geniotrigona thoracica propolis extract as a candidate for 10% propolis chip, which then studied for their biodegradation ability through biodegradation tests so they can be used as supporting therapies. The design of this study is experimental laboratory with 100% Geniotrigona thoracica propolis extract as the sample for phytochemical tests and 15 10% propolis chips as the sample for biodegradation tests. Phytochemical tests were carried out by measuring the absorbance of the extract using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and obtained total phenolic and flavonoid levels of 5,303.3 mgGAE/Kg and 7,367.4 mg QE/Kg. The biodegradation test was carried out by dripping 0.3 mL of 2.5% aqueous trypsin solution onto 15 propolis chips for 8 days and the results were obtained that the propolis chips experienced solubility in shape, size, consistency, and color as parameters of biodegradation ability. In conclusion, 100% Geniotrigona thoracica propolis extract contains phenolic and flavonoid levels as antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and regenerating and propolis chips have biodegradation capabilities