Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Kulit Buah Jeruk Jungga (Citrus Jambhiri Lush.) terhadap Bakteri Isolat Klinis Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Abstract

Bacterial infection is one of the causes of skin diseases that are often found in society. Bacteria that can cause skin diseases are very diverse, one of which is Staphylococcus epidermidis. Essential oils are known to contain compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth. Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) is one of the essential oil-producing plants that has good prospects for its use as an antibacterial. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the compounds present in the essential oil of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) peel and test its antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Method: The essential oil of rough lemon peel was isolated by water distillation method, then the characteristics were identified in the form of concentration, refractive index, and specific gravity, and the components of the chemical compounds were analyzed using the GC-MS (Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer) tool. Testing the antibacterial activity of orange peel essential oil against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Result: The results showed that the essential oil of rough lemon peel in this study had a concentration of 7.22 ± 0.19, a refractive index of 1.47±0,0001, and a specific gravity of 0.84±0.0004 g/mL. Analysis using the GC-MS (Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer) showed that the main components of the chemical compounds in the essential oil of rough lemon peel were limonene (67.47%), γ-terpinene (13.19%), ꞵ-pinene (10.55%), α-pinene (2.23%), and ꞵ-myrcene (1.43%). The results of testing the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of rough lemon peel with a concentration of 0.78%; 1.56%; 3.12%; 6.25%; 12.5% and 25% could inhibit clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis with an average inhibition zone respectively 8.6 ± 0.1 mm; 9.63 ± 0.15 mm; 10.53 ± 0.11 mm; 11.4 ± 0.3 mm; 12.53 ± 0.25 mm dan 16.5 ± 0.72 mm. Conclusion: There are 15 components of chemical compounds in the essential oil of rough lemon peel with the dominant components limonene, γ-terpinene, ꞵ- pinene, α-pinene, and ꞵ-myrcene. The essential oil of rough lemon peel has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 0.78%; 1.56%; 3.12%; 6.25%; 12.5% and 25%.