Pembuatan Phase Change Material dengan Paraffin Wax dan Penambahan 20%, 30% Magnetite (Fe3o4) pada Beton Enkapsulasi sebagai Thermal Energy Storage

Abstract

Research has been conducted on Phase Change Material with Paraffin Wax and Fe3O4 on encapsulated concrete as Thermal Energy Storage. This research is motivated by renewable technology, namely Thermal Energy Storage with PCM material which is used to improve thermal performance and save energy. This study aims to determine the best composition concentration of material mass variations in PCM, the results of thermal and physical characteristics in PCM. Paraffin Wax and Fe3O4 as PCM materials. Magnetite was added to paraffin wax with two different mass compositions of 20% and 30% which were homegenized using an ultrasonic bath with a temperature of 80oC for 15 minutes. PCM is characterized to determine thermal properties (DSC, Thermal conductivity, Bomb Calorimeter, and Thermal distribution) as well as physical properties (XRD, SEM-EDX, FT-IR, VSM). The DSC result has a thermal energy absorption area value of 0.304 J and a latent heat enthalpy value of 55.26 J/g and a peak PCM melting temperature of 56.67oC. The thermal conductivity test was obtained at 0.3716 W/Mk. The Calorimeter Bomb Test obtained a PCM latent heat value of 196.2 J/g. In thermal distribution testing, the highest critical temperature (Tc) 60.75oC and critical time (tc) 24871 s were obtained. Furthermore, the results of XRD PW and Fe3O4 proved that PW is a semicrystal at diffraction peaks 2θ = 21.46o , 23.84o . While Fe3O4 is a cubic crystal with diffraction peaks of 2θ = 30.16o , 35.49o , 43.03o, 53.35o , 56.96o , 62.46o , 73.88o. VSM PCM results show soft magnetic properties, the sample of 80%PW20%Fe3O4 has a coercivity value of 168.87 Oe and a sample coercivity value of 70%PW30%Fe3O4 of 168.73 Oe. FT-IR spectra show no wavenumber change between PW and Fe3O4 with functional groups OH, CH, FeO. The morphological results of SEM show that Fe3O4 particles are homogeneously distributed in PW structures while EDX analysis contains elements C, O, Fe. The best density results were obtained at 1.67 g/cm3 , PCM porosity of 6.32% and compressive strength of concrete of 0.4 MPa. Therefore, with the results of characterization and testing, PCM with PW and Fe3O4 materials can be used as TES.