Kajian Perubahan Fisik Hunian Pasca Tsunami sebagai Bahagian Dari Rekonstruksi dan Rehabilitasi Pasca Bencana 2004 di Aceh

Abstract

This research explores the changes of neighborhood in Aceh before and after the tsunami. The site which had been selected for this research was assumed to have been changed and transformed, mainly because of the social changes (non-physical factors) and the specific housing process (physical factors). The social changes were caused by two factors: the economic factors and the socio-cultural factors which occurred in the environment. The specific housing factors were caused by the changing process of providing the housing from informal process to the formal one which was done by public or private organizations and the people 's participation. This research is studying the transformative changing of housing after the tsunami in Aceh in the jive-year period from 2005 until 2010. The site of the research was selected, based on two considerations: first, the neighborhood was in the outskirts of the town; secondly, the neighborhood was devastated by the tsunami, which meant that the area was included in the corridor line of the town which was called 'high damage '. Based on these considerations, the selected neighborhood was selected in the outskirt of the town. After that, Lambeung village was selected as the object of the research because it was based on the complex issues in it so that it was assumed that the area could represent the whole areas in general. The research used descriptive qualitative method It was hoped that this research could be the fundamental base for the future more significant research. The inhabitants of Lambueng village were used as the samples which were taken by using krejcie tables. The technique of collecting the data was field research (observation, survey, interviews, questionnaires) and library research. The sites of the field research were the devastated areas in Aceh in order to obtain the existing condition. From the field research, the positive factors which influenced the success of building the houses after the catastrophe were analyzed The data were analyzed by using qualitative analysis method The result of the research showed that the changing layout of housing at Lambueng village, Ulee Lheue, Meuraxa Subdistrict, Banda Aceh, had close relationship with the social economic changing of the people. There was an increase in income after the economic transformation after the tsunami, due to the reconstruction and rehabilitation programs in the changing of housing, while the socio-cultural process did not much irifluence the transformation of housing.