Dna Barcoding dan Analisis Filogenetik Ikan Pari Bintang (Maculabatis Sp.) yang Didaratkan di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (Tpi) Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Maculabatis sp. is the fisheries resources of the Malacca Strait waters in the Endangered category. Monitoring is efforts to conserve this species. The complexity is correctly identifying this species, causing limited information, Consequently, genetic identification is required in order to gather reliable information on this species. The objective of this research is to identify molecular and phylogenetic analyses of star rays (Maculabatis sp.) landing at Tanjung Tiram Fish Port. Primary data from whipray tissue samples, secondary data using the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Research Stages is started with the preparation of the sample tissue that is preserved, then DNA extraction, followed by amplification using the Polymerase Chain Reaction method and then electrophoresis. The amplification results were sequenced, aligned using MEGA X software with the Basic Local Alignment Tool. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analysis using Kimura 2P, maximum likelihood with 1000 bootstrap. Research results Sample 1 (TP1) is Maculabatis gerardi and sample 2 (TP2) is Maculabatis gerardi. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, samples A (TP1) and sample B (TP2) are incorporated in 1 clade and have an accuracy rate of 100% in other clades. 4 subclades with the species Maculabatis pastinacoides, Maculabatis astra, Maculabatis randalli, Himantura toshi, Maculabatis macrura and Maculabatis gerardi and have bootstrapping values varying 59%, 87%, 100% with the farthest Nucleotide P-distance at GU673583 Maculabatis randalli whipray with a value of 0.209 and the closest is MG774924.1 Maculabatis macrura whipray with a value of 0.131, indicating a difference in genetic distance between species.