Hubungan Sanitasi Rumah Tangga dan Higiene Pribadi terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Background: The causes of stunting are multifactorial and inter-linked, as described by WHO conceptual frameworks. Nutrition intervention alone may be insufficient to improve linear growth of children. Poor access to sanitation, water supply, hygiene facilities have been plausibly linked to stunting. Exposed to widespread infection and contamination chronically lead to intestinal infections affecting child's nutritional status by impairing nutrient absorption and increasing nutrient losses. Objective: To investigate the relationship of household access to sanitation facilities, water supply and personal hygiene practices with stunting. Methods: A crossectional study was conducted on Muara Batang Gadis

Subdistrict North Sumatera in March 2016. Subjects were primary school- aged children. Anthropometry of the children was measured. The relationship

with place of defecation, household water source and hand hygiene were analyzed on both group using x2 test. Results: 174 subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 58 were stunting and 116 were not stunting. The were 23 (38,3%) stunting child having bad defecation behaviour and 35 (30,7%) stunting child having good behaviour (PR 1.25; 95%CI 0.729-2.702; p 0.310), 29 (35,8%) stunting child having bad hand hygiene practice and 29 (31,2%) stunting child having good behaviour (PR 1.15; 95%CI 0.654-2.314; p 0.519), 28 (40%) stunting child having bad water source and 30 (28,8%) stunting child having good source (PR 1.39; 95%CI 0.868-3.116; p 0.126). Conclusion: defecation facility, household water source and hand hygiene independently were not associated with stunting. Stunting has a multifactorial determinants, other factors were considered having interaction with sanitation or hygiene factors in influencing stunting