Penyediaan Film Bioplastik Pembungkus Berazaskan PLA-PCL untuk Industri Ekstraktif Pangan Dengan Memanfaatkan Kitosan dari Cangkang Udang Sebagai Agen Antibakteri dan Katekin dari Biji Jamblang Sebagai Agen Antioksidan

Abstract

The aims of this study were to obtain the best ratio of chitosan and catechins in the development of bioplastic films based on PLA-PCL related to the characteristics, physical properties, mechanical properties, activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. These characteristics are related to the application of beef and pineapple to Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) and vitamin C. The production of bioplastics was carried out by extrusion and thermo-compression methods at 160 0C. Chitosan as an antibacterial agent is purchased commercially, while catechins as an antioxidant agent are obtained through the jamblang seed extraction process. Extraction was carried out using socket at 55 0C for 6 hours. The antioxidant content of jamblang seed extract was confirmed using GC-MS. The characterization results showed that there were 8 chemical components belongs to catechins with the main components being β-humulen, α-guaiene and methandrostenolone. The antioxidant activity of 53% of jamblang seed extract was determined by the DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The results of the analysis of the bioplastic functional groups showed a shift in the absorption bands of the functional groups (C-O), (C-H) and (C=C) indicating interactions between the components of the PLA-PCL-PEG chitosan/catechin bioplastics. The interaction between PLA-PCL-PEG and chitosan produces a peak of the amine group (N-H). Stretching of the carbonyl group (C=O) has also occurred in all samples containing a mixture of catechins and chitosan. The highest tensile strength value was obtained from the bioplastic contains 0.5 g chitosan/0.5 mL catechin (44.69 MPa) according to the surface shown by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with very small voids. The best WVTR value also shown by the bioplastic contains 0.5 g chitosan/0.5 mL catechin sample of 1.38 g/m2 /hour. The highest reduction of gram-positive bacteria S. aureus (96.66%) and gram-negative bacteria E. coli (73.98%) resulted from samples of bioplastic contain 0.6 g chitosan/0.4 mL catechins. The application of bioplastic contains 0.6 g chitosan/0.4 mL catechins was able to slow down the increase in TVB-N in beef and slow down the decrease in vitamin C content in pineapple during 15 days of storage