Perubahan Struktur Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Akibat Alih Fungsi Lahan di Desa Transmigrasi Batang Pane II Kecamatan Halongonan Timur Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara

Abstract

For the village community, an agrarian community that selects farming as its major occupation to meet family's financial needs, the availability and ownership of land is essential. As happened in Batang Pane II Transmigration Village, their land is gradually converted due to economic need from paddy fields, which are subsistence farming, to oil palm plantations, which provide a product for export. This condition is an interesting phenomenon to be explored thoroughly, especially on the changes in the socio-economic structure, position and roles, orientation of cultural value. and stratification which are the results of land conversion. This study focuses on identifying which factors affect the land conversion from farming to palm plantation and which phenomena occurred in the socio-economic structure as a result of land conversion for the second generation of the village community. This study carries out both descriptive and qualitative approaches. The findings of the study discover that there are both internal and external factors that contribute to the conversion of agricultural land into palm plantations, including a lack of irrigation facilities, low levels of education in the population, an unfavorable farming environment and government policy, the farmer's monthly income, and dependence on the land. The community of Batang Pane II Village has undergone a socioeconomic change. which is claimed as a result of this land conversion.