Hubungan Status Nutrisi dengan Titer Antibodi SARS-COV-2 Pasca Vaksinasi Vaksin Coronovac pada Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Namorambe Deli Serdang Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Introduction : Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) reached the limit of unexpected cases worldwide and became a common health problem worldwide. To control the COVID-19 pandemic which has caused serious mortality and morbidity, it is necessary to immediately intervene not only from the implementation of health protocols but also other effective interventions are needed to break the chain of disease transmission, namely through vaccination efforts. The success of the formation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination is influenced by several factors. One factor is nutritional status which can be identified from the assessment of Body Mass Index (BMI). Objective : this study was conducted to determine the effect of nutritional status with changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers against Coronovac Vaccine in students of SMA Negeri 1 Namorambe in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra Province. Method : analytical descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach in August-December 2022. Primary data collection in the form of questionnaires and finger blood sampling was carried out on 385 students. RBD screening and anti-S1 antibody examination with the ELISA method were carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. Results : The female subjects were larger than men, namely 138 people (69.7%). Median age 16 years (14-19)(SD1.03). History of exposure to COVID-19 as many as 8 people (4.0%) and those who have been confirmed with COVID-19 are 2 people (1.0%) from 198 study subjects. Subjects who had a Normal BMI were 113 people (57.1%), obese 29 people (14.6%), obese as many as 26 people (13.1%), mild-moderate malnutrition 24 people (12.1%), and severe malnutrition as many as 6 people (3.0%). Conclusion : There is a difference in S1 antibody titer on each test where the more days the S1 antibody titer also increases (p = 0.0001). There was no relationship between nutritional status based on BMI and changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers on H0, H14, H28, and H60 tests (P>0.05). The increase in S1 antibody titer in the infected group with the uninfected group on baseline day (H-0) was significantly different (p = 0.001).