Efek Kombinasi Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella asiatica) dan Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) terhadap Fungsi Kognitif dan Kadar Mda (Malondialdehyde) Tikus Model Penuaan yang Diinduksi D-Galaktosa

Abstract

The prevalence of cognitive impairment in older adults are estimated at 5-7%. In aging there is an increase in oxidative stress which causes damage to the structure and function of neurons. Dysfunction neuron cells can be prevented by consuming a diet of plants and animals, including pegagan (Centella asiatica) and snakehead fish (Channa striata). The neuroprotective activity is due to the active ingredient content of each of these natural ingredients. Pegagan is known to contain terpenoids and flavonoids, while snakehead fish contains arginine and glutathione, which also act as antioxidants. This study aims to examine the effect of combination of water pegagan (Centella asiatica) extracts and snakehead fish (Channa striata) on cognitive function and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in D-galactose-induced aging rats. This research is a true experimental, experimental animals (n = 35) were divided into 7 groups, 5 each with the following treatment: K0: normal control; K-: aquades10 mg/kgBB/day; P1: snakehead fish extract 300 mg/kgbb/day; P2: pegagan extract 300 mg/kgbb/day; P3-P5: combination of pegagan and snakehead fish doses of 100/300, 300/300 and 600/300 mg/kgbb/day. The extract was administered orally once a day concurrently with subcutaneous induction of K-, P1-P5 with D-galactose (150 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris Water Maze test, BDNF gene expression in brain tissue by the Real Time PCR method and MDA levels in serum by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test followed by Bonferroni post hoc for parametric data and Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney post hoc for non parametric data. The results showed that the highest cognitive function scores were found in P5 (25.3) compared to groups K0 (26.2), K-(71.4), P1-P4 (27.2;29.4;29.2; 26,4). The greatest expression of the BDNF gene was found in P3 (2.8) compared to groups K0 (1.00), K- (1.00), P1-P4 (1.1;1.2;1.2;1.4 ). The lowest MDA levels were found in P5 (2.79) compared to groups K0 (5.48), K- (6.84), P1-P4 (4.66;3.64;3.82;4.43). The neuroprotective and antioxidant effects were greater at the combination of pegagan and snakehead fish extract at a dose of 600/300 mg/kgbb/day, while BDNF expression was at a dose of 100/300 mg/kgbb/day.