Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.) pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease or chronic metabolic disorder with multiple etiologies characterized by high blood glucose levels accompanied by disturbances in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism as a result of insulin insufficiency. Persistent hyperglycemia will cause an increase in free radical production, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS). HbA1c is the best test to assess the risk of tissue damage caused by high blood glucose levels. This study aims to test the ability of turmeric leaf ethanol extract (EEDK) to reduce blood glucose levels (KGD), lower HbA1c levels and repair pancreatic β cells in nicotinamide and streptozotocin-induced rats. Turmeric leaf simplicia powder was extracted by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Characterization and phytochemical screening of simplicia powder was carried out. Tests were carried out on male rats, which consisted of 6 groups. Group 1 as a negative control was given 0.5% Na-CMC, group 2 was given EEDK 100 mg/kg body weight, group 3 was given EEDK 200 mg/kg body weight, group 4 was given EEDK 400 mg/kg body weight, group 5 was the positive control. given glibenclamide dose of 0.45 mg/kg body weight, and group 6 as the normal group. To test the antidiabetic effect, i.p. induced rats were given EEDK every day for 28 days. During EEDK administration, the KGD was measured on days 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28. On day 28, blood was taken from the heart to obtain serum which was used to measure HbA1c levels and the rat pancreas organs were taken for histopathological observation of the pancreas. experimental animals. The results of statistical analysis showed that giving EEDK doses of 400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg could significantly reduce KGD (p <0.05) compared to the negative control group. EEDK doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight reduced HbA1c levels respectively 4,31; 3,86; and 3,37 ng/mL. Histopathological picture showed damage to the structure of the islets of Langerhans and improvement occurred at a dose of 400 mg/kg bw which can also be seen based on the area of the islets of Langerhans. between groups. Based on the description, it can be concluded that EEDK can reduce KGD, HbA1c levels, and improve the structure and area of the islets of Langerhans in diabetic rats.