Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) terhadap Tikus Jantan Dengan dan Tanpa Diinduksi Siklofosfamid

Abstract

Infectious diseases are the deadliest diseases with a death rate that ranks fourth in the world. The body's immune condition is a determining factor for the development of pathogens in the body. The immune system, also known as the immune system, is the body's defense mechanism in charge of responding or responding to attacks from outside our body. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used as an antineoplastic drug for the treatment of cancer. However, the use of cyclophosphamide causes a decrease in lymphocyte proliferation, thereby lowering the body's immune system. Ethanol extract of bay leaf (EEDS) contains flavonoids and saponins that have an immunomodulatory effect by acting on lymphokines (interferon ) produced by T cells so that they stimulate phagocytic cells and increase the production of cytokines such as interleukins and interferons. This study aimed to examine the ability of EEDS to increase antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, total leukocyte and leukocyte differential in the absence of cyclophosphamide induction and cyclophosphamide induction. The manufacture of EEDS is done by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. The test animals used were male rats which were divided into 2 large groups, namely rats without cyclophosphamide induction and rats induced by cyclophosphamide which were then given extract on the first day until day 14, on day 4 the test animals were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, in the group that was induced with cyclophosphamide 70 mg/kg bw performed on days 8 and 13 and then tested for immunomodulatory activity using antibody titer analysis method, delayed type hypersensitivity, total leukocyte and differential leukocyte count. EEDS doses of 100 mg/KgBW, 200 mg/KgBW 400 mg/KgBW were able to increase antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, total leukocyte and differential leukocyte count in the group of rats without cyclophosphamide induction and the group of rats induced by cyclophosphamide which was indicated by a significant difference with the group. negative (p<0.05) and there was no significant difference with the levamisole group (p>0.05) and there was no difference between the group without cyclophosphamide induction and the cyclophosphamide-induced group (p>0.05) in enhancing the immune system. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that EEDS has the ability to increase antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, total leukocyte and differential leukocyte count in the group of rats without cyclophosphamide induction and the group of rats induced by cyclophosphamide with an effective dose of 400 mg/KgBW so that EEDS is effective as an immunomodulator.