Peran Apoteker Dalam Penerapan Asuhan Kefarmasian terhadap Ketepatan Penggunaan Alat Inhalasi dan Outcome Terapi Pasien Asma di Apotek

Abstract

Background: Asthma is the top ten causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. The correct use of inhalers is expected to prevent and reduce asthma attacks. The role of the pharmacist in the application of pharmaceutical care to the treatment of asthma has been shown to improve the clinical outcomes of asthma patients at the pharmacy. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the application of pharmaceutical care on the appropriate use of inhalers to reduce the incidence of DRPs, increase adherence, therapy outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study used a comparative experimental method with a prospective cohort-study study design on a sample of 84 Asthma patients at the pharmacy who met the inclusion criteria in June-August 2022. Data collection consisted of a pretest, then continued to follow-up stages 1 and 2 with a time-spanned process. 1 week after being given the application of pharmaceutical care to the posttest stage. Data were obtained from patients in NACA-guided inhaler use, Number of DRPs (PCNE V9.0); Compliance Level (MARS-A10); Therapy Outcome (APE) and Quality of Life (AQLQ). The data were then analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The application of pharmaceutical care can increase the accuracy of the use of MDI inhalers, DPI Turbuhaler and DPI Accuhaler. Decrease the number of DRP events in problems (P) 95.2% and in causes (C) DRPs 100%; increased Compliance from 2.9±0.6 to 4.6±0.3; increasing the therapeutic outcome based on the APE value of 60.4 ± 26.2 to 91.9 ± 10.4, and improve the quality of life from 15.64 ± 0.4 to 25.29 ± 0.3 after the intervention. The results of the assessment of these five parameters from the pre test and post test showed a significant change (p <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the application of pharmaceutical care can increase the accuracy of using inhalers, reduce the number of DRPs, increase adherence, therapy outcomes and quality of life for asthma patients in pharmacies.