Pembuatan Nanoserat Selulosa Aerogel dengan Pengisi Fe3O4@SiO2 Sebagai Adsorben Minyak

Abstract

In this research, aerogel cellulose nanofibers have been successfully synthesized using TEMPO oxidation with Fe3O4@SiO2 as filler through a freeze-drying process. Composite aerogels were synthesized with variations in the filler composition Fe3O4@SiO2, namely 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. The characterization of the composite aerogels included oil absorption tests, density tests, porosity tests, contact angle tests, SEM-EDX tests and FT-IR tests. The density of the composite aerogels ranged from 0.0511 g/cm3 – 0.0649 g/cm3 and the porosity ranged from 94.85% - 96%. In testing the absorption of oil, the oil used is cooking oil and used oil. The oil absorption results of composite aerogels with the composition Fe3O4@SiO2 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% had oil absorption for cooking oil, respectively 11.76 g/g, 10, 83 g/g, 10.44 g/g, and 8.53 g/g and for used oil respectively 10.81 g/g, 9.95 g/g, 9.69 g/g, 8, 29g/g. The results of the oil absorption test show that the addition of Fe3O4@SiO2 can decreased the absorption capacity of the oil. This is consistent with the results of the aerogel density and porosity tests. The higher the concentration of Fe3O4@SiO2, the higher the density while the lower the porosity. In the contact angle test, it was found that aerogel is hydrophobic which is indicated by the contact angle above 90o. The morphology of composite aerogel has a porous structure. Aerogel without the addition of Fe3O4@SiO2 has a more porous structure than aerogel with the addition of Fe3O4@SiO2. In the SEM-EDX test, the presence of Fe3O4@SiO2 is indicated by the presence of Fe, Si and O elements in this test. In the FT-IR test, there was a wave shift indicating that hydrogen bonding of the polymer network with Fe3O4@SiO2 had occurred so that the composite aerogel had been successfully synthesized.