Analisis Kandungan Gizi dan Keamanan Pangan Kijing Taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) pada Habitat Berbeda di Desa Asam Jawa Kecamatan Torgamba Labuhanbatu Selatan

Abstract

The Chinese Pond Mussel (Anodonta woodiana) is an invasive species that inhabits lakes and rivers, which is consumed by the locals in Asam Jawa village die to its high nutrional value. The animal is a filter feeder that gains its food by filtering the water it inhabits. However, the habitat of this mussel is known to be contaminated by palm oil industry activities, and anthropogenic activities. Due to the mussel's habitat condition and filter feeding trait, it is capable of accumulating organic and inorganic matters within its body. Inorganic matters such as heavy metals like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and copper (Cu) which are commonly found in bodies of water can accumulate inside the mussel's body, therefore causing food poisoning to humans. In addition, contaminated water might contain microbes that could cause diseases in humans. The purpose of this research is to examine the nutritional value in the form of water content, ash, protein and fatty acid, food safety, and comparison of different habitats inhabited by Chinese Pond Mussel (Anodonta woodiana). This research applies descriptive quantitative method in which the writer will present and summarize datas in the form of numbers. The result of the research shows that the tissue of the mussel from both habitats in Asam Jawa village has exceeded the Indonesian Safety Standard (SNI) 7387:2009 limit for lead (Pb) contamination, cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg), FAO 1972 for contamination limit of copper (Cu), and SNI 7338:2009 for the contamination limit of E. coli. It is also discovered that the content of water, ash, fat and protein in mussels found in the river habitat is higher compared to those found in lake habitat. Contamination of copper (Cu) is higher in the lake compared to the river, and the coliform content is higher in the river habitat compared to lake habitat.