Hubungan antara Miastenia Gravis dengan Fungsi Kognitif

Abstract

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of the most common neuromuscular junction disorders with various clinical presentations. In one study, it was found that there was a decrease in cognitive function in MG sufferers which included a decrease in memory function, attention, executive function, and verbal abilities. The hypothesis is that there is involvement of the central cholinergic system in MG, namely that central cholinergic deficits are thought to manifest as impaired cognitive function in patients with MG. Purpose: To find the relationship between myasthenia gravis and cognitive function, it is expected to evaluate cognitive function in MG sufferers. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design. The research subjects came from 2 groups, the case group was myasthenia gravis patients who went to the Neurology Clinic at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan and the control group which was a group of healthy people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The number of research subjects obtained was 33 case groups and 33 control groups. To determine the relationship between MG and cognitive function, the Chi Square test was used and followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors that most influence cognitive function in MG sufferers. Results: There is a significant relationship between myasthenia gravis and cognitive function (p = 0.02) with cognitive domains that significantly influence visuospatial and executive functions (p = 0.017), attention (p = 0.003), language (p = 0.001) and delayed memory (p = 0.004). Multivariate analysis of age, education level, disease onset and MG composite score showed that none of variables was significantly related to cognitive function in MG patients. Conclusion: There is a relationship between myasthenia gravis and cognitive function with cognitive domains that are significantly affected was visuospatial and executive functions, attention, language, and delayed memory. This study did not find the most significant factors associated with decreased cognitive function in MG patients.