Hubungan Ketebalan Makula dengan Quality Of Life yang Dinilai Menggunakan National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan dan Tanpa Retinopati Diabetik

Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) which can impair vision and affect Quality of life (QoL). National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) is a questionnaire used to assess the effect of diabetic retinopathy for QoL. Purpose: To determine the relationship between macular thickness and QoL assessed using the NEI-VFQ-25 in Type 2 DM patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 37 diabetic retinopathy subjects as cases and 33 subjects without diabetic retinopathy as controls. The study was conducted at the eye polyclinic at USU Hospital and network hospitals from February to April 2023. The entire group was examined for macular thickness with SD-OCT Optovue Ivue-100. Then fill in the NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire. To assess the correlation between macular thickness and QoL, the Spearman test was used. Results: The thickness of the fovea, parafovea and perifovea in PDR was found higher (293.77±88.66, 307, 319.15±56.58 μm) and the thinnest in Non RD (228.52±17.32, 288, 266 μm) (p<0.001). There was a difference in the thickness of each area based on the degree of retinopathy (P<0.05). Furthermore, the posthoc test found differences in the thickness of each area between non RD and NPDR along RD and PDR (p <0.05). Almost all QoL domains between each groups showed a significant relationship with foveal thickness (p<0.05), with a negative correlation meaning that the thicker the fovea layer, the lower the QoL score. Conclusion: An increase in macular thickness was found in the diabetic retinopathy group compared to the control. There are significant differences in scores between each groups. There is a significant relationship between QoL and foveal thickness, where the NEI-VFQ-25 value was found to be lower in all domains in the diabetic retinopathy group.