Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Streptococcus mutans pada Ekstrak Etanol 70% Umbi Bawang Batak (Allium chinense G.Don.) Berdasarkan KHM dan KBM (in Vitro)

Abstract

Caries is a oral cavity diseases occur in hard tissues of teeth and have multifactorial etiology. One of the most dominant etiology is the microorganism of Streptococcus mutans. Batak onion bulbs are typical plants that reportedly provide antibacterial activity against some bacteria. This Study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of 70% ethanol extract of Batak onion (Allium chinense G.Don.) against Streptoccocus mutans. This research is a laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design. The samples used were Streptococcus mutans ATCC® 25175TM and 70% ethanol extract of batak union bulbs (Allium chinense G.Don.) with concentration 50%; 25%; 12,5%; 6,25%; 3,125%; 1,56%; and 0,78% and 2 control groups with 3 repititions of each treatment. This study used Kirby-baurer disc diffusion method for antibacterial testing based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the streaking method on the MIC result for testing the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Data analysis in this study used Oneway anova test (p>0.05) and Post Hoc Least significant different (LSD) test. The result of this study indicated the 70% ethanol extract of batak union bulbs had antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans in the presence of a clear zone formed at 0,78% concentration so designated as MIC. The MBC value in this study could not be determined because no one of extract concentrations were able to reduce number of initial colonies by 98-99% and 50% concentration only reduced 94,67%. The conclutions of this study was the 70% ethanol extract of Batak onion (Allium chinense G.Don.) was effective in inhibitting growth of Streptococcus mutans but has not been effective in killing colonies of Streptoccooccus mutans colonies.