Analisis Determinasi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektor Perkebukan Kelapa Sawit di Pulau Sumatera

Abstract

The oil palm plantation sector is the sector that absorbs the most labor on the island of Sumatra. This study aims to test Lewis' theory on the oil palm plantation sector on the island of Sumatra. The employment in the oil palm plantation sector is a demand for labor that will increase output and profits in the oil palm plantation sector, so as to generate capital accumulation, increase investment and production capacity on the island of Sumatra. This study modifies Lewis' theory by adding supporting variables. This study looks at the effect of the minimum wage variable, General Allocation Fund (DAU), Human Development Index (HDI), and production on the employment variable on the island of Sumatra. The analytical method used is the panel data regression analysis method sourced from BPS for a period of 10 years, namely 2011-2020 in 10 provinces on the island of Sumatra. The estimation results show that the minimum wage variable has negative effect which is insignificant to employment in the oil palm plantation sector on the island of Sumatra, supporting the theory of wage efficiency. the General Allocation Fund (DAU) variable has a positive effect which is significant to employment in the oil palm plantation sector on the island of Sumatra, supporting the derivative products of Pappas and Mark Hirschey. The Human Development Index (HDI) variable has a positive effect which is significant to employment in the oil palm plantation sector on Sumatra Island supporting Gary S. Becker's theory of human development (human capital theory). The production variable positive effect which is insignificant to employment in the oil palm plantation sector on the island of Sumatra, supporting the theory of production with two changing factors. The results show that Lewis's theory applies, which the demand for labor in the oil palm plantation sector on the island of Sumatra is a demand for labor that will increase output and profits in the oil palm plantation sector, so that it can generate capital accumulation, increase investment and production capacity on the island of Sumatra.