Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Talas Padang (Colocasia Gigantea) terhadap Ekspresi AMPK a1 Otot Skeletal dan PEPT1 Usus Halus pada Tikus Galur Wistar Model Malnutrisi

Abstract

Stunting is a condition of lack of nutrition in the long term which can be caused molecularly by malnutrition. Malnutrition can be caused by a lack of energy or protein which results in a decrease in muscle mass due to catabolism that has not been properly balanced by anabolism. In stimulating anabolism and regenerating muscle cells, AMPK α1 has a role in regulating muscle mass. Meanwhile, protein absorption is influenced by the presence of a transporter in the digestive tract, named PepT1. Leaves of talas padang (Colocasia gigantea) is a source of vegetable protein because it contains essential amino acids to help overcome malnutrition. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of various doses of ethanol extract of taro padang leaves (EEDTP) on the expression of AMPK α1 in skeletal muscle and small intestine PepT1 in malnourished rat models. This study was purely experimental with a Post-test Only Control Group design using 25 male Wistar rats as experimental animals for malnutrition. EEDTP was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Treatment was carried out in 5 groups (n = 5), K1: normal diet for 56 days; K2: low protein diet (DRP) 14 days + normal diet 42 days; K3, K4 and K5: 14 days DRP + normal diet and EEDTP doses of 100, 200, 400/kgBB for 42 days. Termination was carried out on day 56 for histopathological examination of skeletal muscle tissue and small intestine. AMPK α1 and PepT1 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical examination. This study showed that EEDTP had an effect on the expression of AMPK α1 in skeletal muscle and small intestinal PepT1 in malnourished Wistar rats. The sequence of AMPK α1 expression from the largest is K4 (18 (8-18)) > K2 (12 (8-18)) > K1 (12 (8-18)) > K3 (12 (8-15)) > K5 (12 (6-15)) while PepT1 expression in the small intestine of the smallest, namely K3 (10 (8-12)) < K4 (15 (12-18)) < K2 (18 (10-18)) < K1 ( 18 (12-18)). The greatest effect of EEDTP on the expression of AMPK α1 was found at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW and PepT1 was the lowest at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW.