Pola Hubungan “Pengepul Dan Pemulung” dalam Sistem Perekonomian Masyarakat Marginal di Perkotaan (Studi Kasus pada Pengepul dan Pemulung Gang Maju 8, Kelurahan Kwala Bekala, Medan Johor)

Abstract

This research is a study of the relationship pattern between scavengers and collectors in used goods buying and selling transactions, in Gang Maju 8, Kwala Bekala Village, Medan Johor District. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of forming a relationship between collectors and scavengers, to analyze the pattern of patron-client relationships that take place between collectors and scavengers in Gang Maju 8 and to categorize groups that benefit from this relationship. This type of research is a descriptive research using a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out for three months through in-depth interviews, participatory observation and documentation. The previous pre-research data was obtained when the author carried out Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) in Gang Maju 8 for a month. There were 8 informants in this study including collectors, Gang Maju 8 scavengers and the local community. The process of data analysis is done through data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This study uses the analysis of James C. Scott's patron-client relationship theory. The results of this study indicate that First, the process of forming the relationship between collectors and scavengers in used goods transactions takes place face to face and is carried out continuously, which in turn creates mutual trust between the two. Second, the pattern of patron client relationships that occurs between collectors and scavengers raises three conclusions. The main reasons are (a) there is inequality in the aspects of power, status and income, (b) there are face-to-face relationships and relationships that are flexible and broad-based, and (c) in the aspect of the exchange of goods and services in the relationship between collectors and scavengers, the concept of cost, reward and profit is found. Third, the parties that benefit the most in this relationship from the income aspect are collectors. However, the two parties do not solely see this pattern of relationship in terms of income earned, social or other benefits are also taken into consideration, so that this relationship can last a long time. Further research is expected regarding patterns of patron-client relationships through digital networks.