| dc.description.abstract | Habitat degradation and loss have large and consistent negative effects, not
only on the existence of Sumatran orangutans but also, in a larger scope, on the loss
of its biodiversity, both flora and fauna as well as ecosystem functions. Flora and
fauna are consequently affected by odious forest degradation. The ecosystem
restoration program, which most people know it as restoration, is one of the
programs conducted to restore damaged forests, both in conservation forests and
other types of forests. One of the activities in restoration work is natural succession.
The aim of this study is to analyze the composition of species that renders the
succession, types of Sumatran orangutan feed, the density of Sumatran orangutans,
and the tree phenology in two different forest ecosystems, namely the peat-swamp
forest of Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve (RSWR) and the lowland forest of Gunung
Leuser National Park (GLNP). This study took place on the restoration sites and the
reference ecosystems in both of the peat-swamp forest ecosystems and the lowland
forest ecosystems. The methods employed in this study were the grid-line method
(used for vegetation analysis), the line-transect and direct observation methods
(used to form the estimation of Sumatran orangutan population density), and tree
phenology. The study was conducted for 14 months. The results of the study
showed that Macaranga hypoleuca was the dominant tree species on the peatswamp
restoration site of RSWR, whereas Syzygium muelleri dominated in the
reference ecosystem of RSWR restoration site. Ficus fistulosa and Macaranga
tanarius were the dominant species on the restoration site of lowland forest in
GLNP and whereas Shorea leprosula was the dominant tree species in the reference
ecosystems of the restoration site of lowland forest in GLNP. The analysis of
Sumatran orangutan feed on the restoration site of RSWR showed that 72% of trees
on both the restoration site and the reference ecosystems were Sumatran orangutan
feed. Subsequently, in lowland forest of GLNP showed that 66% of trees on the
restoration site and 79% of trees in the reference ecosystems were recorded as
Sumatran orangutan feed. The average estimations of Sumatran orangutan
population density on the restoration site of SM. Rawa Singkil were 0.09 ind/km2
and 1.77 ind/km2 in the reference ecosystems. While the average estimations of
Sumatran orangutan population density in the GLNP lowland forest were 0.09
ind/km2 on the restoration site and 0.74 ind/km2 in the reference ecosystems. | en_US |
