Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sawo Kecik (Manilkara kauki (L) Dubard) pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. HbA1c examination is also the best examination to assess the risk of tissue damage caused by high blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the antidiabetic effect of EEDSK on decreasing blood glucose (KGD), HbA1c levels, and repair of pancreatic β cells in STZ-NA-induced rats. This study used 24 rats which were divided into 6 groups. EEDSK doses used in this study were 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW, Glibenclamide 0.45 mg/kg BW was used as a positive control and Na-CMC as a negative control, the normal group was used in this study. Diabetic rats were given sapodilla leaf extract every day. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28, while HbA1c and Histopathology levels were measured on day 28. The results of the phytochemical screening contained in sapodilla leaf extract were flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, and steroids/terpenoids. The results of statistical analysis showed that giving EEDSK doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg BW could significantly reduce KGD compared to the negative control group. Giving EEDSK doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg BW was able to reduce HbA1c levels in nicotinamide and streptozotocin-induced rats. The results of staining with the hematoxylin-eosin method showed a significant change in that EEDSK was able to improve the histopathological picture of the pancreas and increase the surface area of the islets of Langerhans in STZ-NA-induced diabetic rats. Based on the description it can be concluded that EEDSK can reduce blood glucose levels (KGD), and HbA1c levels and improve the histopathological picture of damaged pancreas.