Karakteristik Polimorfisme Genetik CYP2A6 Berdasarkan Sitologi Kanker Paru pada Populasi Perempuan Secondhand Smoker di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background: Recently, there was an increased incidence of lung cancer in never-smoker populations owing to many factors that contribute to lung carcinogenesis. Environmental tobacco smoker is the major significant factor in developing lung cancer in female never smoker. The findings of nicotine metabolite in a child whose father was a smoker stated that nicotine metabolism also occurred in never smoker population. Further, the polymorphism of CYP2A6 as the main enzyme in nicotine metabolism will affect lung carcinogenesis in never-smoker populations. Methods: This study was a case-control study involving 99 research subjects through a purposive sampling technique from three hospitals in Medan. The examination of the CYP2A6 gene to blood sampling for genotyping was performed with PCR-RFLP. Data were analyzed with the Conditional Logistic Regression test using Epi info 7.0 software. Results: The majority of subjects were female aged 50-59 years old (35.5%), Household wife (55.5%), exposed to tobacco smoke from home (60.6%), with the most common cancer cell type were Adenocarcinoma (96.2%). The highest prevalence of genotype of CYP2A6 was 1B/1B (40.4%) and the highest prevalence of allele *1B (55.5%). After equalized other factors that might affect the results in the case and control group, there was no significant association between genotype and the incidence of lung cancer (p-value: 0.61) nor the association between allele of CYP2A6 (p-value: 0.25) and the incidence of lung cancer. Although there was no significant association in statistical analysis, allele *1A have a higher risk for developing lung cancer 1.5 times compare with allele *1B with a wide range of interval. Conclusion: There was no association between the polymorphism of CYP2A6 and the incidence of lung cancer in females with second-hand smokers