Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pirdot (saurauia vulcani korth.) terhadap Cellular Senescence pada Jaringan Adiposa Putih Tikus Galur Wistar yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak

Abstract

Increasing body fat can induce formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through excessive production of NADH and FADH2. High level of ROS may cause DNA damage and then disrupts the cell cycle (cellular senescence). Adipose tissue as a storage area for body fat is a good reservoir for studying cell cycle arrest which is associated with risk to various metabolic disorders. The cessation of the adipose tissue cell cycle can be seen from the expression of p21, p16 and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. Pirdot leaf (saurauia vulcani korth.) contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, penolic, aponins, tannins and triterpenoids. This study aims to determine the effect of giving pirdot leaf ethanol extract on the expression of p21, p16 and IL6 genes in adipose tissue of rat that induced with high fat diet. The true experimental posttest control group study method used 20 wistar rats divided into 4 groups, which Kn: group without treatment; Kp: group given high-fat diet; P1: the group given a high-fat diet and 100 mg of pirdot extract and, P2: the group given a high-fat diet and 100 mg of pirdot extract 200 mg. Gene expression was assesed using realtime PCR (RT-PCR) and accounted with Livak Method 2^ΔΔCt. The results showed that there was a difference in body weight before and after treatment in the rat group (p=0.000). There were no significant differences in the expression values of the p21, p16 and IL-6 genes between the treatment groups. The expression of p21 and p16 genes was lower in the group of rats that were given a high-fat diet + 200 mg of pyrdot extract compared to the control group, the group that was given a high-fat diet, and the group that was given a high-fat diet + 100 mg of pyrdot extract. IL-6 gene expression was lower in the group of rats fed a high-fat diet + 100 mg and 200 mg of pyrdot extract compared to the control group and the group fed a high-fat diet.