Perbandingan Varian Gen Interleukin-4 -590 C/T pada Orang dengan Skizofrenia dan Kontrol Suku Batak

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thinking, perception, emotion, and behavior. Although the exact causes are unknown, research suggests that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Besides, the interleukin-4 (IL-4) 590 C/T polymorphism comprises a variation in the DNA sequence at position 590 of the IL-4 gene. The IL-4 gene encodes interleukin-4, a cytokine involved in immune response and inflammation. This genetic polymorphism has been associated with various medical conditions, including neurological and psychiatric disorders. The relationship between IL-4 590 C/T polymorphism and schizophrenia has been previously examined. Methods: This comparative analytic research used a cross-sectional design to make a comparison between the Batak people with Schizophrenia (ODS) group and healthy control. DNA isolation and examination of Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were performed. Results: The Chi-Square test with Yates' correction showed no significant differences in the frequency of allele occurrence between ODS and control groups (p=0.1). Additionally, logistic regression analysis indicated a p-value of 0.415 for genotype (CC vs CT), with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.743 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.364-1.517. The p-value for genotype CC vs TT was 0.002, with an OR=0.433 and a 95% CI of 0.257-0.730. Conclusion: This research identified a significant relationship, specifically in the TT genotype when compared to CC