Kekerabatan Bahasa Singkil, Bahasa Jamee, dan Bahasa Pakpak

Abstract

Singkil language (BS), Jamee language (BJ), and Pakpak language (BP) have a close geography BS and BJ are used in Aceh Singkil-Subulussalam, and BP is used in Pakpak Bharat and Dairi Some data indicate that BS BJ, and BP have similar phonetic features. A phenomenon is also found that there is a confinion regarding the kinship of these three languages. Based on this phenomenon, the kinship of these three languages is analyzed by using Comparative-Historical Linguistics approach. This research aims to describe the inheritance of Austronesia proto language (PAN) in BS BJ, and BP as well as to find the relation of kinship between these three languages. This research employs the theory of form. lexicostatistics, and glottochranalogy Mixed-method is employed in this research namely qualitative method which is used to facilitate the quantitative research. The research data consists of 200 swadesh basic vocabularies collected from three natives of each language which are obtained through interviews and observation.

The finding proves that linear inheritance and phoneme innovation of vowel and consonant of PAN are found in these three languages. In addition, it is found that BS and BP are the same languages which separate into different dialects with kinship percentage of 83% BS and BJ belong to a language family with the kinship percentage of 44% while BJ and BP have 37% of kinship level in language family BS and BJ are known to separate approximately 90-546 BC BS and BP have separated from proto language between 1618-1724 BC BJ and BP have separated from proto language between 217-202 BC.