Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Asam Oksalat dari Kulit Kakao melalui Proses Peleburan Alkali dengan Kapasitas 3.550 Ton/Tahun dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Detail Evaporator

Abstract

Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities which has quite an important role in economic activities in Indonesia. Cocoa is also one of Indonesia's export commodities which is quite important as a foreign exchange earner besides oil and gas. High cocoa production produces cocoa shell waste which can be used to make oxalic acid. Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic compound whose C atoms are able to bind more than one hydroxyl group. This acid has the form of pyramidal crystals, colorless and transparent, odorless and hygroscopic. The factory is planned to operate 330 days/year, 24 hours a day, with cocoa shells as raw material amounting to 8240.34 kg/hour. The designed plant consists of several stages, namely alkali melting process, separation process I, acidification process, separation process II, evaporation process, crystallization process and separation process III. The factory is planned to be established in Lambale Village, West Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi with a total land area of 11,600 m2. The form of business entity planned in the design of this oxalic acid factory is a limited liability company and the planned organizational structure is a staff line with the required workforce of 121 people. The specific task completed was the detailed engineering design of the evaporator. The design specifications for the evaporator are as follows: Spesifications Value Evaporator Diameter (D) 2,74 m Evaporator Height (H) 4,11 m Evaporator Volume (V) 27,518 m3 Thicness (t) 0,25 inch Number Of Tube (Nt) 10195 Buah Heat Transfer Area (A) 1794 m2 Based on the calculations, the results of the economic analysis are obtained a. Total Investment Capital: IDR 493,601,981,359 b. Total Production Costs: IDR 611,697,687,952 c. Sales Proceeds: IDR 1,295,722,496,000 d. Net Profit: IDR 476,478,278,805 e. Profit Margin (PM): 52.53 % f. Break Event Point (BEP): 42.45% g. Return On Investment (ROI): 47.30% h. Pay Out Time: 2.11 Years i. Internal Rate Of Return (IRR): 28.53% From the data above, it can be concluded that the pre-designed factory for making oxalic acid from cocoa shells with a capacity of 3550 tonnes/year is feasible to be established.