Identifikasi Penggunaan Lahan di Areal terdampak Banjir Rob Menggunakan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle di Kecamatan Medan Belawan Kota Medan

Abstract

The utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology in disaster management offers numerous advantages, such as high flexibility and the ability to map disaster-affected areas. The presence of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology can facilitate land-use mapping in flood-prone areas along the coastal regions, one of which is Bagan Deli Subdistrict located in the Medan Belawan District of Medan City. This research aims to identify land use using UAV and map flood-prone areas in the Medan Belawan District, Medan City. The study was conducted from January to May 2023 in the Medan Belawan District, Medan City. The method used for land use classification is Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) classification, supported by 150 ground check verification points, and accuracy testing using a Confusion Matrix. The results of aerial photo mapping at a flying height of 120 meters produced a total of 1,304 photos with a Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) spatial resolution of 2.91 cm/pixel, covering an orthomosaic area of 100.60 hectares. The land use classification resulted in seven land use classes that correspond to field conditions: residential, mangrove, open land, built-up land, roads, industrial, and bodies of water. The largest land use category was mangrove with an area of 38.41 hectares, while the smallest land use category was industry with an area of 3.76 hectares. The mapping of potential flood inundation using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) produced a flood-prone area covering 11.43 hectares, accounting for 11.36% of the total land classified into four classes. Flood modeling simulations were conducted with water heights ranging from 1 to 6 meters in Bagan Deli Subdistrict, Medan Belawan District, Medan City. The results of the flood modeling simulations revealed that the land uses affected by flood inundation include residential areas, open land, built-up land, industrial areas, mangrove, and roads. These various land uses are susceptible to flood inundation, especially those located near the coastline or rivers.