Korelasi Antara Kadar HBA1C dengan Kadar Kalsium pada Anak Diabetes Melitus Tipe 1

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by pancreatic β-cell damage either by autoimmune or idiopathic processes so that insulin production decreases or stops. Diabetes mellitus is associated with decreased calcium and impaired intestinal absorption of calcium, which causes a decrease in calcium absorption into the body. Insulin deficiency will lead to decreased synthesis of bone mass and glucosuria which causes hypercalciuria. This research is a prospective study by assessing the correlation between HbA1C levels and calcium levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This research was conducted at the Endocrinology poly unit of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, May 2022 to December 2022. The sample was children aged 1 month to 18 years who were fulfill inclusion. The HbA1c level is checked together with the calcium level when the patient comes for control at the Poly. Correlation was measured using Pearson's correlation analysis for normally distributed data while for non-normally distributed data using Spearman's correlation. There is a significant correlation between the HbA1c value with a p value of 0.026 and calcium levels with a correlation value of (r= -0.445). The correlation value is negative, meaning that any increase in HbA1c levels will be followed by a decrease in serum calcium levels in children with type I DM, with moderate strength (r=0.4 – 0.6). This effect was not affected by the duration of DM and the age at onset of DM.