Daur Ulang Papan Serat dan Pemanfaatan Residunya sebagai Pupuk Bibit Tanaman Kehutanan

Abstract

Fibreboard is one a composite product made of lignocellulose fiber bonded by synthetic resin such as urea-formaldehyde (UF) or natural lignin containing in the fiber and exposured with hot pressing. Fiberboard as the wood products have been used as furniture material as the substitute of wood and plywood. Solid residue of recycling activity of fiberboard can be reused as raw material for recylcle fiberboard while liquid residue can be used as fertilizer for plant seedlings because the adhesive used was UF base made of urea and containing nitrogen which is good for growth plant seedling. The objective of this study is to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of both fabricated and recycle fiberboard and analyze the effect of liquid residue as fertilizer for plant seedlings. This reseach was conducted in Laboratory of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) for recycling, production, and evaluation of the fiberboard and Greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, USU for application the liquid residue as fertilizer of plant seedlings. Method of fiberboard recycling was according to patent number IDS000005404. Physical properties of both the fabricated and recycled fiberboard showed mean of density 0,70 - 0,77 g/cm3, moisture content 7,78 - 12,69%, thickness swelling 43,33 – 22,59% (2 hours) and 53,81 – 33,18% (24 hours), water absorption 68,88 - 76,22% (2 hours) and 78,03 - 97,04% (24 hours). Testing of mechanical properties such as MOE, MOR and IB showed fabricated fiberboard have had better properties compared to recycled one because of high water absorption. The application of water resulting from soaking fiberboard can improve the growth of plant height, plant diameter, plant dry weight, plant root dry weight, plant canopy dry weight, and plant dry weight ratio.