Analisis Spasial Kerawanan Kekeringan Lahan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Belawan

Abstract

Indonesia has millions hectares of critical land and watersheds that are degraded, causing floods, landslides and droughts. Drought is one of the disasters in the dry season. This study was to analyze the spatial distribution of land drought in the Belawan watershed. This study uses a descriptive method, namely the collection of primary data and secondary data. Land drought analysis was conducted by scoring with rainfall, NDVI, land cover and soil type parameters. Validation was carried out by regression of soil water content with NDDI and NDWI. Based on the weighted results of land cover, rainfall, soil type and NDVI, the distribution and drought levels of the land in the Belawan watershed have five classes, namely normal, low dry Vulnerability, medium dry Vulnerability, dry Vulnerability and very dry Vulnerability, which is dominated by very dry Vulnerability classes with an area of 59,341 .40 ha or 81.1% of the watershed area. While the normal class has an area of 13,710.55 ha or 18.74% of the watershed area. The NDDI value or high drought level in the Belawan watershed occurs because land use in the Belawan watershed is dominated by dry land agriculture and other types of land use that are not optimal for groundwater storage. The relationship between the NDWI regression and soil water content is quite strong and can be used to estimate or monitor soil water content. Mitigation of land drought can be done by managing water efficiently, maintaining vegetation, managing drainage channels properly, government and community collaboration.