Analisis Perubahan Kerapatan Vegetasi Habitat Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) Menggunakan Citra Satelit Sentinel 2A di Kawasan Restorasi Resort Sei Betung

Abstract

The Sumatran orangutan is a key animal whose existence is seriously threatened due to reduced forest area which is its habitat. Habitat restoration activities are one of the solutions in maintaining the existence of orangutans. Gunung Leuser National Park together with the Sumatra Lestari Orangutan Foundation – Orangutan Information Center have carried out habitat restoration activities in the Sei Betung Resort area which was formerly an oil palm plantation until now it has become an orangutan monitoring station after restoration activities since 2008. Research on indications of success of habitat restoration activities is still very limited and has not been widely published. Based on this, this study aims to establish a spatial model of changes in canopy cover after restoration of recorded data in 2016 and 2022 using Sentinel 2A satellite imagery and indications of restoration success based on nest tree findings and potential orangutan food trees. The results showed that the canopy cover of the Sei Betung Resort restoration area increased in density based on comparisons in 2016 and 2022. The percentage change in area of canopy density in 2016 and 2022 in the low density class decreased by 49.75%, medium density also decreased 19.64%, and high density increased 23.37%. Based on the results of the vegetation analysis, the dominating potential for orangutan food trees, namely from the Euphorbiaceae family and reinforced by the results of the Shannon-Weaver (H') diversity index, shows that the Sei Betung Resort restoration area is in moderate or medium condition. Therefore, it is an indication of successful restoration. already has the carrying capacity of an ideal habitat for orangutans. However, judging from the feasibility based on the population aspect, the Sei Betung Resort restoration area is not yet feasible because there is still a small population of Sumatran orangutans.