Asosiasi Polimorfisme Gen BACE1 (rs638405) dengan Kadar BACE1 dan Fungsi Kognitif pada Lansia dengan Diabetes Tipe 2 di Kota Medan

Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment has an impact on functional abilities and care needs in the elderly. The BACE1 gene polymorphism on the G allele (rs638405) is a risk marker for Alzheimer's disease in Asian and Caucasian populations. Increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline in patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are characterized by uncontrolled HbA1c values. Elevated plasma BACE1 levels are a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment. Objective: To determine the association of the BACE1 gene polymorphism (rs638405) and BACE1 enzyme levels with cognitive function in elderly people with diabetes. Methods: An analytic study with a cross-sectional design, the subjects were elderly patients at USU Medan Hospital, Medan Hajj Hospital, and Community Health Center (36 samples). The patient was measured for HbA1c. DNA was isolated from blood using the Promega kit and polymorphism using conventional methods contained variant polymorphism CC (249 bp), GC (249 bp, 160 bp, and 89 bp) GG (160 bp and 89 bp). Examination of enzyme levels using the ELISA sandwich method and statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium analysis. Results: BACE1 gene polymorphisms were CC 47.2%, GC 50%, and GG 2.8%. The average BACE1 enzyme level of the study subjects was 360.05 ± 291.77 mg/dl from the Mann-Whitney test, the result was P = 0.159. The Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium value was obtained at P = 2.1813 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no association between the BACE1 gene and BACE1 levels and cognitive function in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.