Perbedaan Status Nutrisi pada Awal dan Akhir Kemoterapi Fase Induksi Penderita Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut

Abstract

Background: Children with cancer are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition due to the increased nutritional requirements of the disease and its treatment. Assessment of nutritional status is the first step in nutritional support. Nutritional adequacy should be considered and integrated as a basic component of paediatric oncology to prevent adverse side effects caused by malnutrition. Objective: To determine the differences in nutritional status at the beginning and end of the induction phase of chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Method: Retrospective cohort study conducted in the children's ward of RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan in January - February 2023. Samples were children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia undergoing induction phase chemotherapy, selected by consecutive sampling. Anthropometric data were obtained from medical records and then analysed using SPSS version 23.0 computer software. Analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon and marginal homogeneity tests. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Result: Of the 30 children who met the inclusion criteria, the median upper arm circumference before induction chemotherapy was 15.7 cm, increasing to 18.64 cm after induction (p<0.001). Marginal homogeneity test showed differences in nutritional status after induction phase chemotherapy, good nutrition increased from 23.3% to 70% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Nutritional status before and after induction chemotherapy showed a significant difference, there was an increase in the number of well nourished following induction chemotherapy.