Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Aleurites moluccana (L.) Wild., Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll. Arg. dan Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Background: In traditional medicine, several euphorbiaceae plants such as the candlenut plant, kamala plant, and firestorm plant are used to treat various microbial diseases. However, the utilization of the leaves of this plant has not been widely used. Candlenut leaves, kamala leaves and firestorm leaves are known to contain flavonoids, tannins and saponins which can inhibit the growth of bacteria. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of candlenut leaves, kamala leaves, and firestorm leaves on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: This research included the manufacture of dried powder, characterization of dried powder, phytochemical screening, extraction by maceration method using ethanol 96% and testing the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extracts of candlenut leaves, kamala leaves, and firestorm leaves respectively diluted with DMSO into several concentration that is 500 mg/ml; 400 mg/ml ; 300 mg/ml ; 200 mg/ml ; 100 mg/ml ; 50 mg/ml ; 25 mg/ml ; 12.5 mg/ml ; 6.25 mg/ml ; 3.125 mg/ml with positive control of 0.1% Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the paper disc diffusion method. Results: Ethanol extracts of candlenut leaves, kamala leaves, and firestorm leaves have antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each extract is at a concentration of 6.25 mg/ml; 25 mg/ml; 12.5 mg/ml with a diameter of 6.66 ± 0.15 mm respectively; 6.36 ± 0.15mm; 6.5 ± 0.45mm. Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of candlenut leaves, kamala leaves and firestorm leaves have antibacterial activity