Isolasi dan Formulasi Sediaan Hidrogel Kitosan dari Kulit Udang Dogol (Parapenaeopsis scupltilis) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Eksisi pada Tikus Putih

Abstract

Hydrogel is a type of hydrophilic polymeric macromolecule in the form of a cross-linked network, has the ability to swell in water (Swelling), and has high water diffusivity. Because of these unique physical properties it is used as a restraining/drug-releasing matrix, so that it can be used as a good conductor of active ingredients such as chitosan. Shrimp shells are a source of natural ingredients that contain chitosan. Chitosan is able to act as a wound healer such as excision wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of shrimp skin chitosan hydrogel in excision wound healing in white rats. Chitosan was isolated using acidic and basic solvents from Shrimp shell, then characterized the water content, ash content, protein content, ninhydrin test and functional groups. The chitosan obtained was made into hydrogel preparations with a concentration of 3% (F1), 5% (F2), 7% (F3). Evaluation of hydrogel preparations includes organoleptic, pH, physical characteristics, cross-linking, swelling, elasticity, cycling test. The effectiveness test was carried out on excision wounds on white rats and measuring the diameter of the wound and the percentage of excision wounds. The results of the characterization of chitosan are that it has a water content value of 9.27%, an ash content of 1.69% and a protein content of 4.21%. The best evaluation of the hydrogel preparation was found in the shrimp shell chitosan concentration of 7% (F3), did not change color during storage with an average pH value of 4.92. The characterization results of 7% chitosan (F3) hydrogel were 8.8 cm in diameter, 0.67 mm in thickness and >200 times folding power. Chitosan hydrogel 7% (F3) showed 0.7% cross-linking, 106.8% swelling, 9.0% elasticity. Shrimp shell chitosan hydrogel 7% (F3) can heal rat excision incisions by increasing the percentage of wound diameter reduction and wound diameter reduction. The administration of 7% shrimp shell chitosan hydrogel gave a significant difference to the positive control and negative control (p>0.05%). The conclusion of this study is that 7% shrimp shell chitosan hydrogel is the best formula and has the effectiveness of healing excision wounds in male white rats seen from the reduction in wound diameter and an increase in the percentage reduction in wound diameter.