Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Nanogel Anti Jerawat Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle)

Abstract

Acne is a skin disorder due to inflammation that is accompanied by blockage of theducts of the skin and hair oil glands (pilosebaceous ducts), which are characterized by thepresence of comedones, papules, and pustules. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes are the main bacteria that cause acne by producing lipases that break down free fatty acids from skin lipids. The principle of therapy in the treatment ofacne is reducing excess sebum production. The purpose of this study was to formulate a nanogel preparation from the ethanol extract of lime peel as an anti-acne agent. The ethanol extract of lime peel was obtained by the immersion maceration methodusing 96% ethanol, then screening tests and characterization of the simplicia and extractwere carried out. Base nanogel and ethanol extract was formulated into nanogel preparations witha concentration of 5% (F1), 6% (F2), and 7% (F3), which were further characterized by the physical characteristics of the preparation, stability by storing the preparation for 12 weeks, irritation, and testing the effectiveness of the preparation in vitro. In addition, nanogel preparations were also tested for their effectiveness against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis inhibition. The results of the phytochemical screening of lime peel extract positively containedalkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and steroids and fulfilled all the characterization requirements for simplicia. Lime peel ethanol extract was formulated into a nanogel preparation with a concentration of 5, 6, and 7%, which met the physical characteristics of the preparation, was stable for 12 weeks of storage, and did not cause irritation to the skin of the tested volunteers. The results of the lime peel extract nanogeltest showed activity in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, and the 7% nanogel formula was an effective formula in inhibiting bacterial growth. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the nanogel preparation of lime peel ethanol extract is stable at 12 weeks of storage and 7% ethanol extract is a formula that has the most effective antibacterial and anti-acne activity