Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Nanogel yang Mengandung Fraksi n-HEKSANA Daun Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott.) sebagai Anti-Inflamasi pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Karagenan

Abstract

Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f.) Schott is a medicinal plant that contains steroidcompounds.Steroids are well know to have anti-inflammatory effect. R.pinnata leaf n-hexane fraction is formulated into nanogel dosage because have been reported to have many advantages than other topical dosage form. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum concentration of R.pinnata leaf n-hexane fraction as anti-inflammatory agent in topical application. The n-hexane fraction of R. pinnata leaf extract was formulated, then the storage stability was evaluated, followed by evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effectiveness on carrageenan-induced mice. R. pinnata leaves were treated into dried material. Dried material was extracted by percolation method using 96% ethanol and fractionated using n hexane. R. pinnata leaf fractions of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% were tested for their anti inflammatory effects in mice induced by 3% carrageenan to determine effective topical dose. The initial stage of formulation was the preparation of nanosuspension with different stabilizer solutions, namely Tween 80 (F1), Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30/PVP K30 (F2), and F3 (combination of Tween 80 and PVP K30). The nanosuspension was added to the mixture of gel base and other ingredients by stirring using a magnetic stirrer to obtain the nanogel. The nanogel were evaluated for physical stability by storing at various temperatures for 12 weeks and cycling test. Then, the anti-inflammatory activity was tested on carrageenan induced mice compared to the conventional gel preparation. The results of the dried material characterization showed that the water content, water soluble extract, ethanol soluble extract, total ash content and acid insoluble ash content of R. pinnata dried leaves were 6.69%, 15.62%, 11.27%, 6.40%, and 0.82% respectively. The effective topical dose from R. pinnata leaf n hexane fraction was 5%. The F1, F2 and F3 nanogel showed satisfactory stability during up to 12 weeks storage period, as can be seen from the organoleptic, homogeneity, pH (4.6-6.5), viscosity (4050-5500m.Pa.s), spreadability (21.85- 36.71cm2 ), surface tension (34.2-35.3dyne/cm), and particle size (171.35-461.455 nm). F3 showed the smallest value in particle size change during storage, from week-0 (171.35nm) until week-12 (190.10nm). Anti-inflammatory effect of F3 showed a significant difference (p <0.05) when compared to F4, where F3 was more effective with AUC 3.52 mm.hr and exhibited 72.25% inhibition of inflammation. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the R. pinnata leaf n-hexane fraction that showed optimum antiinflammatory activity on topical usage was 5%. The nanogel formula with the addition of stabilizer solution Tween 80 and PVP K30 (F3) exhibited the smallest particle size change during storage for 12 weeks. Anti-inflammatory activities of R. pinnata of nanogel dosage form are more effective than conventional gel dosage form.